In Dubious Battle (1936), a labor novel of a strike and strike-breaking, won the gold medal of the Commonwealth Club of California. Tortilla Flat (1935), dealing with the paisanos, California Mexicans whose ancestors settled in the country 200 years ago, established his reputation. Returning to California, he devoted himself to writing, with little success his first three books sold fewer than 3,000 copies.
After four years as a special student at Stanford University, he went to New York, where he worked as a reporter and as a hod carrier. Born in Salinas County, California on February 27, 1902, Steinbeck was of German-Irish parentage. If not quite at the world-class artistic level of a Hemingway or a Faulkner, he is nonetheless read very widely throughout the world by readers of all ages who consider him one of the most "American" of writers. In recent years Steinbeck has been elevated to a more prominent status among American writers of his generation.
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